Biteganijwe ko isoko ry’imodoka z’amashanyarazi muri Amerika rizazamuka riva kuri miliyari 28.24 mu 2021 rikagera kuri miliyari 137.43 muri 2028, hamwe n’igihe giteganijwe cyo mu 2021-2028, ku kigereranyo cy’ubwiyongere bw’umwaka (CAGR) cya 25.4%.
Umwaka wa 2022 niwo mwaka ukomeye cyane wagurishijwe mu kugurisha ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi muri Amerika kugurisha imodoka z’amashanyarazi byakomeje kugurisha imodoka zikoresha lisansi mu gihembwe cya gatatu cya 2022, hamwe n’amateka mashya y’imodoka zirenga 200.000 zagurishijwe mu mezi atatu.
Tesla wambere wibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi Tesla akomeje kuba umuyobozi wisoko afite imigabane 64%, aho yavuye kuri 66% mugihembwe cya kabiri na 75% mugihembwe cya mbere.Kugabanuka k'umugabane byanze bikunze kuko abakora amamodoka gakondo bareba kugirango bagere ku ntsinzi ya Tesla ndetse no kwiruka kugirango babone ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi.
Ibice bitatu binini - Ford, GM na Hyundai - birayobora inzira mugihe byongera umusaruro wimodoka ya EV izwi cyane nka Mustang Mach-E, Chevrolet Bolt EV na Hyundai IONIQ 5.
Nubwo ibiciro byazamutse (kandi si kubinyabiziga byamashanyarazi gusa), abaguzi bo muri Amerika bagura ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi kuburyo bwihuse.Gahunda nshya za leta, nk’inguzanyo z’imodoka z’amashanyarazi zitangwa mu itegeko ryo kugabanya ifaranga, biteganijwe ko izakomeza kwiyongera mu myaka iri imbere.
Ubu Amerika ifite umugabane rusange w’isoko ry’imodoka zifite amashanyarazi arenga 6 ku ijana kandi iri mu nzira yo kugera ku ntego ya 50% mu 2030.
Ikwirakwizwa ry’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi muri Amerika muri 2022
2023: Umugabane wibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi wiyongereye kuva 7% ugera kuri 12%
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na McKinsey (Fischer et al., 2021) bugaragaza ko, bitewe n’ishoramari ryinshi ryakozwe n’ubuyobozi bushya (harimo n’intego ya Perezida Biden ko kimwe cya kabiri cy’imodoka zose zagurishijwe muri Amerika zizaba imodoka zangiza-zero mu 2030), gahunda z’inguzanyo zemejwe kurwego rwa leta, amahame akomeye y’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, no kongera imihigo yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi na OEM zikomeye zo muri Amerika, kugurisha ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi birashoboka ko bizakomeza kwiyongera.
Kandi miliyari y'amadorari mu bikorwa remezo byateganijwe bishobora kuzamura ibicuruzwa bya EV binyuze mu ngamba zitaziguye nko gutanga imisoro ku baguzi yo kugura ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi no kubaka ibikorwa remezo bishya byishyurwa rusange.Kongre kandi irimo gusuzuma ibyifuzo byo kongera inguzanyo yimisoro iriho yo kugura imodoka nshya y’amashanyarazi kuva $ 7.500 ikagera ku 12.500 $, hiyongereyeho no gukora ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi byemerewe inguzanyo.
Byongeye kandi, binyuze mu bikorwa remezo by’ibice bibiri, ubuyobozi bwiyemeje gutanga tiriyari 1,2 z'amadolari mu myaka umunani yo gutwara abantu n'ibikorwa remezo, ku ikubitiro ikazaterwa inkunga ingana na miliyari 550 z'amadolari.Aya masezerano arimo gufatwa na Sena, akubiyemo miliyari 15 z'amadolari yo kwihutisha iyakirwa ry'imodoka z'amashanyarazi no kwihutisha isoko ry'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi muri Amerika.Iteganya miliyari 7.5 z'amadolari y'urusobe rw'igihugu rushinzwe kwishyuza EV hamwe na miliyari 7.5 z'amadolari ya bisi na zeru zangiza na feri zo gusimbuza bisi zikoreshwa na mazutu.
Isesengura rya McKinsey ryerekana ko muri rusange, ishoramari rishya rya federasiyo, umubare w’ibihugu ugenda wiyongera utanga uburyo bwo gushimangira no kugabanyirizwa ibijyanye na EV, hamwe n’inguzanyo nziza y’imisoro kuri ba nyiri EV birashoboka ko bizatera EV muri Amerika.
Ibipimo by’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bishobora kandi gutuma abakoresha amashanyarazi biyongera.Ibihugu byinshi byo mu burasirazuba no mu burengerazuba bimaze kwemeza ibipimo byashyizweho n’ikigo gishinzwe umutungo w’ikirere cya Californiya (CARB), kandi biteganijwe ko Leta nyinshi zizinjira mu myaka itanu iri imbere.
Inkomoko: Raporo ya McKinsey
Ufatiye hamwe, ibidukikije byiza bigenzurwa na EV, kongera inyungu z’abaguzi kuri EV, hamwe n’imodoka OEMs iteganya guhindura umusaruro wa EV birashoboka ko bizagira uruhare runini mu kuzamuka kwinshi mu kugurisha EV muri Amerika muri 2023.
Abasesenguzi ba JD Power bateganya ko isoko ry’Amerika ku modoka z’amashanyarazi rizagera kuri 12% umwaka utaha, ukava kuri 7 ku ijana uyu munsi.
Mu bihe byinshi McKinsey ateganya ku binyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi, bazaba bagera kuri 53% by'ibicuruzwa byose bitwara abagenzi bitarenze 2030. Imodoka z'amashanyarazi zishobora kuba zirenga kimwe cya kabiri cy’igurisha ry’imodoka muri Amerika muri 2030 ziramutse zihuse.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-07-2023