Amashanyarazi ya CCS aragenda?Gusubiza mu buryo butaziguye: CCS ntabwo izasimburwa rwose na NACS.Ariko, ibintu biragoye cyane kuruta "yego" cyangwa "oya." NACS yiteguye kuganza isoko ryo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru, arikoCCSizakomeza umwanya wayo udahungabana mu tundi turere ku isi, cyane cyane mu Burayi. Ahantu heza ho kwishyuza hazaba imwe murikubana-bisanzwe, hamwe na adaptate hamwe nubwuzuzanye bukora nkibiraro mubidukikije bigoye.
Vuba aha, abakora amamodoka akomeye nka Ford na General Motors batangaje ko bemeje NACS ya Tesla (Amashanyarazi yo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru). Aya makuru yohereje ihungabana binyuze mu nganda zikoresha amashanyarazi. Benshi mubafite ba EV hamwe nabashobora kugura ubu barabaza: Ibi bivuze iherezo ryuIgipimo cyo kwishyuza CCS? TuzabahoEV hamwe nibyambu bya CCSuracyashobora kwishyuza byoroshye mugihe kizaza?
Guhindura inganda: Impamvu izamuka rya NACS ryateje ibibazo "Gusimbuza"
Ikigereranyo cya NACS cya Tesla, mu ntangiriro icyambu cyacyo cyo kwishyuza, cyungutse cyane ku isoko ryo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru kubera ubwinshi bwacyoUmuyoboro udasanzwekandi uruta abandiUmukoresha uburambe. Mugihe ibihangange byimodoka gakondo nka Ford na GM byatangaje ko bimukiye muri NACS, bikemerera EV zabo gukoresha sitasiyo yumuriro wa Tesla, nta gushidikanya ko byashyizeho igitutu kitigeze kibaho kuriIbipimo bya CCS.
NACS ni iki?
NACS, cyangwa Amajyaruguru yo Kwishyuza Amerika, ni Tesla yihariye ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi yishyuza na protocole. Ubusanzwe yari izwi nka Tesla yishyuza kandi ikoreshwa gusa nimodoka za Tesla na Superchargers. Mu mpera za 2022, Tesla yafunguye igishushanyo cyayo ku bandi bakora amamodoka no kwishyuza abakoresha imiyoboro, ayita NACS. Uku kwimuka kugamije gushyiraho NACS nkigipimo cyambere cyo kwishyuza muri Amerika ya ruguru, ikoresha Tesla niniUmuyoboro udasanzwen'ikoranabuhanga ryerekanwe kwishyuza.
Inyungu zidasanzwe za NACS
Ubushobozi bwa NACS bwo gukurura abakora amamodoka menshi ntabwo ari impanuka. Ifite ibyiza byinshi byingenzi:
• Umuyoboro ukomeye wo kwishyuza:Tesla yubatse cyane kandi yizeweDC umuyoboro wihusemuri Amerika ya Ruguru. Umubare wacyo wishyuza kandi wizewe urenze kure iyindi miyoboro yabandi.
• Ubunararibonye bw'abakoresha:NACS itanga uburambe "plug-and-charge" uburambe. Ba nyir'ubwite bacomeka gusa umugozi wo kwishyuza mumodoka yabo, kandi kwishyuza no kwishyura birahita bikemurwa, bikuraho gukenera amakarita yinyongera cyangwa imikoranire ya porogaramu.
• Igishushanyo mbonera cy'umubiri:Ihuza rya NACS ni rito kandi ryoroshye kuruta iCCS1umuhuza. Ihuza imirimo yo kwishyuza AC na DC, bigatuma imiterere yayo irushaho kugenda neza.
• Gufungura ingamba:Tesla yafunguye igishushanyo cyayo cya NACS kubandi bakora, ishishikariza kwakirwa kwagura ibidukikije.
Izi nyungu zahaye NACS ubujurire bukomeye ku isoko ryo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru. Ku bakora amamodoka, gukoresha NACS bivuze ko abakoresha babo EV bazahita babona umuyoboro mugari kandi wizewe, bityo bikazamura abakoresha no kugurisha ibinyabiziga.
Kwihangana kwa CCS: Imiterere yisi yose hamwe ninkunga ya politiki
Nubwo NACS ifite imbaraga muri Amerika ya Ruguru,CCS (Sisitemu yo Kwishyuza), nk'isi yoseibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi, ntibizoroha byoroshye kuva aho bihagaze.
CCS ni iki?
CCS, cyangwa Sisitemu yo Kwishyuza, ni ifunguye, mpuzamahanga murwego rwo kwishyuza ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi. Ihuza AC (Ibindi Byihuta) kwishyuza, mubisanzwe bikoreshwa murugo rwihuta cyangwa kwishyuza rusange, hamwe na DC (Direct Current) yishyuza byihuse, itanga amashanyarazi byihuse. Ibice "Bishyizwe hamwe" bivuga ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukoresha icyambu kimwe kumodoka kugirango bishyure AC na DC byombi, bihuza J1772 (Ubwoko 1) cyangwa Ubwoko bwa 2 uhuza hamwe nibindi byongeweho kugirango DC yishyure byihuse. CCS yemerwa cyane nabakora amamodoka menshi kwisi kandi igashyigikirwa numuyoboro mugari wa sitasiyo zishyuza rusange kwisi yose.
CCS: Isi Yibanze Yihuta Yishyurwa Byihuse
CCSni Kuri ubu imwe mu zemewe cyaneDC ibipimo byihusekwisi yose. Itezwa imbere n’umuryango w’abashinzwe ibinyabiziga (SAE) mpuzamahanga n’ishyirahamwe ry’abakora ibinyabiziga by’iburayi (ACEA).
• Gufungura:CCS yabaye igipimo gifunguye kuva cyambere, cyatejwe imbere kandi gishyigikirwa nabakora amamodoka menshi no kwishyuza ibigo remezo.
• Guhuza:Irashobora kwishyurwa na AC na DC byombi kandi irashobora gushyigikira urwego rwingufu zitandukanye, kuva buhoro kugeza ultra-yihuta.
• Kwemerwa ku isi:Cyane cyane mu Burayi,CCS2ni itegekoicyuma cyamashanyarazigisanzwe gishyirwa mu bikorwa n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Ibi bivuze ko EV zose zigurishwa muburayi hamwe na sitasiyo zishyuza rusange zigomba gushyigikiraCCS2.
CCS1 vs CCS2: Itandukaniro ryakarere Ningenzi
Gusobanukirwa gutandukanyaCCS1naCCS2ni ngombwa. Nibice bibiri byingenzi byo mukarereIbipimo bya CCS, hamwe nuburyo butandukanye buhuza umubiri:
• CCS1:Byakoreshejwe cyane muri Amerika ya ruguru na Koreya yepfo. Ishingiye kuri J1772 AC yo kwishyuza, hamwe nibindi bibiri bya DC.
• CCS2:Byakoreshejwe cyane muburayi, Ositaraliya, Ubuhinde, nibindi bihugu byinshi. Ishingiye kuri Type 2 AC yo kwishyuza, nayo hamwe na pin ebyiri ziyongera.
Itandukaniro ryakarere ni impamvu yingenzi ituma NACS izagora "gusimbuza" CCS kwisi yose. Uburayi bwashizeho ibininiUmuyoboro wa CCS2n'ibisabwa bikomeye bya politiki, bigatuma bidashoboka ko NACS yinjira no kuyimura.
Ibikorwa Remezo biriho n'inzitizi za politiki
Kwisi yose, ishoramari rikomeye ryashizweho mukubakaIgishushanyo mbonera cya sitasiyonaIbikoresho byo gutanga amashanyarazi (EVSE), inyinshi murizo zishyigikira CCS.
• Ibikorwa Remezo binini:Ibihumbi n'ibihumbiSitasiyo ya CCSzoherejwe ku isi hose, zikora umuyoboro munini wo kwishyuza.
Ishoramari rya Leta n'inganda:Ishoramari rinini ryakozwe na guverinoma n’ibigo byigenga mu bikorwa remezo bya CCS byerekana igiciro kinini cyarengewe kitazatereranwa byoroshye.
• Politiki n'amabwiriza:Ibihugu byinshi nakarere byinjije CCS mubipimo byigihugu cyangwa ibisabwa byateganijwe. Guhindura izi politiki bisaba inzira ndende kandi igoye yo gushyiraho amategeko.
Itandukaniro ryakarere: Itandukaniro ryisi yose yishyurwa
Kazozaamashanyarazi yimodokaImiterere izerekana itandukaniro ryakarere, aho kuba urwego rumwe rwiganje kwisi.
Isoko ryo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru: Ubutegetsi bwa NACS burakomera
Muri Amerika ya Ruguru, NACS irihuta cyaneinganda zinganda. Hamwe nabakora amamodoka menshi yinjira, NACSumugabane ku isokoizakomeza gukura.
| Imashini | Imiterere ya NACS | Ikigereranyo cyo Guhindura Igihe |
|---|---|---|
| Tesla | NACS Kavukire | Byakoreshejwe |
| Ford | Kwemeza NACS | 2024 (adapt), 2025 (kavukire) |
| Moteri rusange | Kwemeza NACS | 2024 (adapt), 2025 (kavukire) |
| Rivian | Kwemeza NACS | 2024 (adapt), 2025 (kavukire) |
| Volvo | Kwemeza NACS | 2025 (kavukire) |
| Polestar | Kwemeza NACS | 2025 (kavukire) |
| Mercedes-Benz | Kwemeza NACS | 2025 (kavukire) |
| Nissan | Kwemeza NACS | 2025 (kavukire) |
| Yamaha | Kwemeza NACS | 2025 (kavukire) |
| Hyundai | Kwemeza NACS | 2025 (kavukire) |
| Kia | Kwemeza NACS | 2025 (kavukire) |
| Itangiriro | Kwemeza NACS | 2025 (kavukire) |
Icyitonderwa: Iyi mbonerahamwe irerekana bamwe mubakora ibicuruzwa batangaje ko byemewe na NACS; ibihe byihariye birashobora gutandukana nababikoze.
Ariko, ibi ntibisobanura ko CCS1 izashira burundu. Imodoka ziriho CCS1 hamwe na sitasiyo zishyuza bizakomeza gukora. Imodoka nshya ya CCS yakozwe izakoreshaAdaptateur ya NACSkugera kumurongo wa Supercharger ya Tesla.
Isoko ryiburayi: Umwanya wa CCS2 urahagaze, NACS Biragoye kunyeganyega
Bitandukanye na Amerika ya ruguru, isoko ry’iburayi ryerekana ubudahemuka bukomeyeCCS2.
• Amabwiriza y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi:Umuryango w'ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi washyizeho amategekoCCS2nkibipimo byateganijwe kuri sitasiyo zose zishyuza rusange nibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi.
• Kohereza hose:Uburayi bufite kimwe mu bice byinshiImiyoboro yo kwishyuza CCS2kwisi yose.
• Imodoka ikora:Abanyaburayi bakora mu gihugu (urugero, Volkswagen, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Stellantis Group) bashora imari ikomeye muriCCS2kandi ufite imbaraga zikomeye kumasoko yuburayi. Ntabwo bishoboka kureka ibikorwa remezo nibyiza bya politiki kuri NACS.
Kubwibyo, mu Burayi,CCS2izakomeza kugumana umwanya wiganje, kandi NACS kwinjira bizaba bike cyane.
Aziya n'andi masoko: Kubana Ibipimo Byinshi
Muri Aziya, cyane cyane Ubushinwa, hari ibyayoIgipimo cyo kwishyuza GB / T.. Ubuyapani bufite igipimo cya CHAdeMO. Mugihe ibiganiro kuri NACS bishobora kuvuka muri utu turere, ibipimo byaho kandi birahariIbikorwa bya CCSbizagabanya imbaraga za NACS. Ejo hazaza ku isiamashanyarazi yishyuza ibikorwa remezobizaba urusobe rugoye rwo kubana no guhuza ibipimo.
Ntabwo Gusimburwa, Ariko Kubana no Guhindagurika
Noneho,CCS ntizasimburwa rwose na NACS. Mubyukuri, turimo guhamya anubwihindurize bwibipimo byishyurwa, aho gutsinda-gufata-intambara yose.
Ibisubizo bya Adapter: Ikiraro cyo gukorana
Adaptersbizaba urufunguzo rwo guhuza ibipimo bitandukanye byo kwishyuza.
•CCS kuri Adaptator ya NACS:Imodoka ya CCS iriho irashobora gukoresha sitasiyo ya NACS ikoresheje adapt.
• NACS kuri CCS Adapters:Mubyukuri, imodoka za NACS zishobora kandi gukoresha sitasiyo yumuriro ya CCS ikoresheje adaptate (nubwo ibisabwa biri hasi).
Ibisubizo bya adaptori byemeza koimikoranirey'ibinyabiziga bifite ibipimo bitandukanye, bigabanya cyane "guhangayika kurwego" no "kwishyuza amaganya" kubafite.
Kwishyuza Sitasiyo yo Kwishyuza: Amashanyarazi menshi-Imbunda Kuba rusange
Kazozasitasiyo yumuriro wamashanyaraziBizarushaho kugira ubwenge no guhuza.
• Amashanyarazi menshi-Port:Sitasiyo nyinshi zishyirwaho zizaba zifite imbunda nyinshi zo kwishyuza, harimo NACS, CCS, na CHAdeMO, kugirango ibinyabiziga bitandukanye bikenerwe.
Kuzamura porogaramu:Abashinzwe kwishyuza sitasiyo barashobora gushyigikira protocole nshya yo kwishyuza binyuze muri software.
Ubufatanye bw'inganda: Gutwara ibinyabiziga hamwe n'uburambe bw'abakoresha
Abakora amamodoka, kwishyuza abakoresha imiyoboro, hamwe namasosiyete yikoranabuhanga bafatanya cyane guteza imbereimikoraniren'umukoresha uburambe bwakwishyuza ibikorwa remezo. Ibi birimo:
Sisitemu yo kwishyura ihuriweho.
• Kunoza sitasiyo yo kwishyuza.
• Uburyo bworoshye bwo kwishyuza.
Izo mbaraga zigamije gukoraamashanyarazi yimodokabyoroshye nko kongerera lisansi imodoka, utitaye kumiterere yicyambu.
Ingaruka kuri banyiri EV n'inganda
Ihindagurika ryibipimo byishyurwa bizagira ingaruka zikomeye kuri banyiri EV ndetse ninganda zose.
Kuri ba nyiri EV
• Amahitamo menshi:Utitaye ku cyambu cya EV waguze, uzagira amahitamo menshi yo kwishyuza mugihe kizaza.
• Guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere:Mugihe uguze ikinyabiziga gishya, ushobora gukenera gusuzuma niba icyambu kavukire gihuye gikunze gukoreshwa mumashanyarazi.
• Adapteri ikeneye:Ba nyiri CCS bariho barashobora gukenera kugura adapt kugirango bakoreshe umuyoboro wa Supercharger wa Tesla, ariko nigishoro gito.
Kubashinzwe Kwishyuza
• Ishoramari no kuzamura:Abashinzwe kwishyuza bazakenera gushora imari mukubaka sitasiyo zisanzwe zishyirwaho cyangwa kuzamura ibikoresho bihari kugirango bongere ubwuzuzanye.
• Kongera amarushanwa:Gufungura umuyoboro wa Tesla, amarushanwa yo ku isoko azarushaho gukomera.
Kubakora Imodoka
• Ibyemezo by'umusaruro:Abakora amamodoka bazakenera guhitamo niba bazatanga NACS, CCS, cyangwa ibyambu bibiri-bishingiye ku isoko ry’akarere no ku byo abakiriya bakeneye.
• Gutanga Urunigi rwo Guhindura:Abatanga ibikoresho bazakenera kandi guhuza nibipimo bishya byicyambu.
CCS ntizasimburwa rwose na NACS.Ahubwo, NACS izagira uruhare runini ku isoko ry’Amerika y'Amajyaruguru, mu gihe CCS izakomeza umwanya wiganje mu tundi turere ku isi. Turimo kugana ahazaza haitandukanye ariko ihuza cyane ibipimo byo kwishyuza.
Intangiriro y'ihindagurika niUmukoresha uburambe. Byaba byoroshye NACS cyangwa gufungura CCS, intego nyamukuru nugukora ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi byoroshye, bikora neza, kandi bikwira hose. Kuri banyiri EV, ibi bivuze kugabanuka kwishyurwa hamwe nubwisanzure bwurugendo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-21-2025