Mugihe imijyi yicyuma yihuta kandi isaba ibidukikije ikura,Businebyihuse byita ku mbaraga z'amashanyarazi. Ariko, igihe ntarengwa kandi cyishyuza bisi ya Storcki zimaze igihe kinini arizo zikorwa.Amahirwe yo kwishyuzaTanga igisubizo cyo guhanga udushya mukwishyuza byihuse mugihe gito gihagarara kuri roho cyangwa streating kuri sitasiyo nini no kugabanya kwishingikiriza kuri bateri nini. Nk'uko byatangajwe n'ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ingufu mu ingufu z'imari (IEYA)Glood EV Outlook 2023, Kwishyuza hejuruni tekinoroji yingenzi yo kuzamura imikorere yo gutambuka mumijyi. Ntabwo ari byiza gusa ibikorwa ahubwo binatera greener transner.
Bitandukanye na gakondo gakondo kwishyuza, bisaba bateri nini yongera amafaranga no kugabanya guhinduka,Kuri-genda kwishyuzaKoresha kenshi, ibituro bigufi byubutegetsi kugirango bakomeze mato mato, byinshi byubukungu biruka umunsi wose. Ubu buryo burimo gukurura imigi yo mu Burayi no mu majyaruguru y'Abanyamerika, nko muri Suwede, Ubwongereza, n'Ubudage.
1. Incamake y'amahirwe yo kwishyuza ikoranabuhanga
Kumutima waKwishyuza cyaneniIkoranabuhanga ryihuse. Ikoresha ibikoresho byinshi byamashanyarazi kugirango utange imbaraga nyinshi kuri bateri ya bisi mugihe gito. Uburyo Rusange burimo:
• DC Amashanyarazi Yihuse: Kuva kuri KW 50 kugeza kuri 350 kw, ibyo birashobora kwishyuza bisi muminota 10-15, byiza kubihagarara gato.
• sisitemu yo kwishyuza pantogram: Amasano yikora hagati yigisenge cya bisi na sitazi remezo, bikoreshwa cyane muburayi.
Ukurikije Bloombergnef'sRaporo y'ibikorwa by'amashanyarazi, sisitemu yo gutambuka zirenga 5.000 kwisi yemeyeKwishyuza byihuseKugeza 2023, hamwe nu Burayi na Amerika ya ruguru biyobora inzira.
2. Ingamba zo gushyira mubikorwa amahirwe yo kwishyuza
Gushyira mu bikorwa nezaKwishyuzabisaba gutegura neza. Ingamba z'ingenzi zirimo:
• Kwishyuza sitasiyo: Shyira imbere imihanda, ihuriro ryingenzi, cyangwa rihagarara inshuro ndende. Sitasiyo yumuhanda muremure igabanya igihe cyinyongera.
• Gucukura igihe: Koresha ubwenge bwo Gutegura guhuza ibikenewe bikora, wirinde gutinda.
• ibikorwa remezo: Huza sitasiyo yo gushyuza kuri sisitemu yo gutwara abantu no gutwara abantu (yayo) kubwimbaraga zihamye no gukurikirana kure.
• Igishushanyo mbonera: Shyiramo ibikorwa remezo binini kugirango uhindure ubushobozi nkamato arakura.
Muri Gothenburg, Suwede, kwishyuza sitasiyo buri biro 5 byagabanije ingano ya bateri na 40%, bimura imbogamizi yo guhinduka - icyitegererezo ku yindi mijyi.
3. Inyungu z'ubukungu n'ibidukikije
Kwishyuza cyaneitanga inyungu zikomeye:
• Ibiciro bya batiri: Bateri ntoya igabanya amafaranga yo gutanga amasoko kugeza 30%, kuri Amerika ingufu za Amerika zishobora kuvugururwa (NREL).
• kugabanya imyuka ihumanya: Bies z'amashanyarazi zimaze guca imyuka, kandiKwishyurwa rimwe na rimweguhitamo gukoresha ingufu. Ikigo cy'ibidukikije kigizwe n'ibidukikije (Eea) kivuga ko bisi z'amashanyarazi zifite ibyuka 50% byo mu buzima butari imyuka iruta Diesel.
• imikorere ya gride: Ubwinshi bwo kwishyuza mugihe cyamasaha yo kuringaniza agabanya ibiciro kandi byoroshye gride.
Byongeye kandi, bateri nto yihanganira kwambara cyane kuva isohotse byimbitse, yongera ubuzima bwabo no kugabanya ibiciro byo kubungabunga.
4. Inyigisho zabaturage: Amahirwe yo kwishyuza i Londres na Berlin
Sisitemu yo gutambuka kwa Londres
Tfl ya Londres, imwe mu miyoboro minini y'i Burayi, ikoreshaIGIHE CY'IGIHE CYIZAku nzira nyinshi:
• ikoranabuhanga: Sisitemu ya Pantografiya ituma kwishyuza byihuse.
• Ibisubizo: 80% yishyurwa muminota 15, yongereye urwego rurenga 100 km no kuzamura imikorere ya 20%.
Ingaruka y'ibidukikije: Umushinga ugabanya imyuka ihumanya cya karubone na toni 7,000 buri mwaka, kunoza ikirere.
Kwishyira hamwe kwa Berlin
Sisitemu yo gutambuka kwa Berlin hamwe nibikorwa kugirango ihuzeAmahirwe YishyuzaHamwe na gride nziza:
• Kwegera: Amashanyarazi yihuse kurufunguzo urufunguzo arahagarara, ahujwe nububiko bwingufu kugirango amurikire umutwaro wa gride.
• Ibisubizo: Imihangayiko ya Grid yagabanutseho 30%, kandi ibiciro bikora byagabanutse 15% kubera kwishyuza.
• Isomo: Ubufatanye bwambukiranya imirenge ni urufunguzo rwo gutsinda.
5. INGORANE N'IKINYAMAKURU MU GUHINDUKA
Nubwo hari inyungu zayo, ibibazo bikomeza kuba:
Ibiciro by'ibikorwa byo hejuru: Kubaka amashanyarazi menshi na gride iramuraza bihenze.
• imitwaro ya gride: Icyarimwe kwishyuza birashobora guhungabanya gride yaho.
• Ibibazo byo guhuza: Moderi ya bisi itandukanye hamwe nuburinganire bugoye.
• inzitizi zo mu kirere: Gushakisha ahantu hakwiye mu mijyi yubusa birakomeye.
Ibisubizo birimo:
• Inkunga ya politiki: Inkunga ya leta cyangwa inkwano Icyatsi cyo gutera inkunga.
• Ikoranabuhanga rya Grid: Gusaba igisubizo no kubika ingufu kugirango bishe imitwaro.
• Ibipimo ngenderwaho: Amasezerano ahuriweho yo guhuza.
• Kohereza byoroshye: Mobile cyangwa compriji yoroheje yo kumwanya muto.
6. Imbonerahamwe ihujwe: ibisubizo by'impuguke byo kwishyuza amato
Nk'abayobozi mu mashanyarazi rusange, turatanga ibisobanuroAmahirwe yo kwishyuzaIbisubizo kuriBus ya MunicipalAmato. Imbaraga zacu zirimo:
• ikoranabuhanga rigezweho: Kuva hasi kugeza hejuru-fagitire yihuse hamwe na sisitemu ya pantografi.
• Urubuga rwubwenge: Gutegura ibicu bishingiye ku gicu, gukurikirana, no gusesengura.
• Inkunga ya serivisi yuzuye: Kubateganya kubungabunga, tubona ko hashyizweho ishyirwa mu bikorwa ridashira.
• Ibishushanyo mbonera: Ibisubizo bikwiranye nubunini bwumujyi, inzira, hamwe nibintu byamato.
Haba kubapilote bato cyangwa imiyoboro minini, dutanga inkunga yizewe kubikorwa byatsi bibi, bikora neza.
Tangira urugendo rwawe kugirango ukore neza, icyatsi cya komini
Igihe cya nyuma: Gashyantare-27-2025