Iyi ngingo isobanura ubwihindurize bwa protocole ya OCPP, ikazamuka ikava kuri verisiyo ya 1.5 ikagera kuri 2.0.1, ikagaragaza iterambere ry’umutekano, kwishyuza ubwenge, kwagura ibintu, no koroshya kode muri verisiyo ya 2.0.1, ndetse n’uruhare runini mu kwishyuza ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi. .
I. Intangiriro ya OCPP Porotokole
Izina ryuzuye rya OCPP ni Open Charge Point Protocol, ni protocole yubuntu kandi ifunguye yakozwe na OCA (Open Charge Alliance), umuryango ufite icyicaro mu Buholandi. Gufungura Amashanyarazi ya Porotokole (OCPP) ni gahunda y'itumanaho ihuriweho hagati ya CS na sisitemu yo gucunga sitasiyo iyo ari yo yose (CSMS). Iyubakwa rya protocole ishyigikira imikoranire ya serivise iyo ari yo yose itanga serivisi ishinzwe imiyoborere hamwe na sitasiyo zose zishyuza, kandi igenewe mbere na mbere gukemura ibibazo by’itumanaho bivuka mu miyoboro y’abikorera ku giti cyabo. buri mutanga. OCPP ishyigikira itumanaho hagati yumuriro na sisitemu yo gucunga hagati ya buri mutanga. Ihindura imiterere ifunze imiyoboro yigenga yishyuza, yateje ibibazo kumubare munini wa ba nyiri EV hamwe nabashinzwe imitungo itimukanwa, kandi byatumye abantu benshi bahamagarira icyitegererezo gifunguye muruganda.
Inyungu za protocole ya OCPP
Fungura & ubuntu kugirango ukoreshe
Irinde gufunga kumurongo umwe (kwishyuza)
Kugabanya igihe cyo kwishyira hamwe / imbaraga hamwe nibibazo bya IT
1 、 Amateka ya OCPP
2. Intangiriro ya OCPP
Nkuko bigaragara hano hepfo, kuva OCPP1.5 kugeza OCPP2.0.1 iheruka
Kubera ko hari protocole nyinshi cyane munganda zunganira ubunararibonye bwa serivisi hamwe no guhuza ibikorwa hagati ya serivise zitandukanye, OCA yafashe iyambere mugutezimbere protocole ifunguye OCPP1.5. SOAP igarukira ku mbogamizi zayo kandi ntishobora kwamamara cyane kandi vuba.
OCPP 1.5 ivugana na sisitemu nkuru ikoresheje protokole ya SOAP ishingiye kuri protocole ya HTTP kugirango ikore ingingo zishyuza Ifasha imirimo ikurikira: Ibikorwa byegereye kandi byatangiriye kure, harimo gupima fagitire
(3) OCPP1.6 (SOAP / JSON)
Verisiyo ya OCPP1.6, yinjiye mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya JSON, kandi yongerera kwaguka kwishyurwa ryubwenge. Verisiyo ya JSON ibinyujije mu itumanaho rya WebSocket, irashobora kuba mubidukikije byose kugirango twohereze amakuru, protocole ikoreshwa cyane kumasoko ni verisiyo ya 1.6J, inkunga ya websockets protocole ishingiye kumiterere ya JSON kugirango igabanye urujya n'uruza rw'amakuru (JSON, urubuga protocole ishingiye kuri JSON kugirango igabanye amakuru yimodoka).
Shyigikira imiterere ya JSON ishingiye kuri protocole ya websockets kugirango igabanye amakuru yimodoka (JSON, JavaScript Igikoresho cyo Guhagararira, ni uburyo bwo guhanahana amakuru yoroheje) kandi yemerera gukora kumurongo udashyigikira kwishyuza ingingo zipakurura (urugero, interineti rusange). Kwishyuza byubwenge: kuringaniza imizigo, kwishyiriraho ubwenge hamwe no kwishyiriraho ubwenge. Emera ingingo zo kwishyuza zohereze amakuru yazo (ukurikije amakuru yo kwishyiriraho amakuru), nkigiciro cyanyuma cyapimwe cyangwa uko leta yishyuza.
(4) OCPP 2.0 (JSON)
OCPP 2.0, yasohotse muri 2018, itezimbere gutunganya ibicuruzwa, byongera umutekano, imicungire yibikoresho: yongeraho imikorere yubushakashatsi bwubwenge, kuri topologiya hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga ingufu (EMS), abagenzuzi baho, hamwe na EV hamwe nubushakashatsi bwuzuye bwubwenge, sitasiyo yumuriro hamwe na sisitemu yo gucunga sitasiyo. . Shyigikira ISO 15118: Gucomeka no gukina hamwe nibisabwa byogukoresha ibikoresho byamashanyarazi.
(5) OCPP 2.0.1 (JSON)
OCPP 2.0.1 ni verisiyo iheruka gusohoka, yasohotse muri 2020. Itanga ibintu bishya hamwe niterambere nko gushyigikira ISO15118 (Gucomeka no Gukina), umutekano wongerewe imikorere muri rusange.
3. Guhuza verisiyo ya OCPP
OCPP1.x ihujwe na verisiyo yo hasi, OCPP1.6 irahuza na OCPP1.5, OCPP1.5 irahuza na OCPP1.2.
OCPP2.0.1 ntabwo ihuye na OCPP1.6, OCPP2.0.1 nubwo bimwe mubikubiye muri OCPP1.6 nabyo bifite, ariko imiterere yikadiri yamakuru yari itandukanye rwose nuwoherejwe.
Icya kabiri, OCPP 2.0.1 protocole
1 、 Itandukaniro hagati ya OCPP 2.0.1 na OCPP 1.6
Ugereranije na verisiyo zabanjirije nka OCPP 1.6, OCPP 2.0. 1 ifite iterambere ryinshi mubice bikurikira:
a. Umutekano wongerewe
OCPP2.0.1 ni umutekano ukomantaye mugutangiza imiyoboro ya HTTPS ishingiye kuri Secure Sockets Layeri hamwe na gahunda nshya yo gucunga ibyemezo kugirango umutekano w'itumanaho ubeho.
b.Kongeramo ibintu bishya
OCPP2.0.1 yongeyeho ibintu byinshi bishya, harimo gucunga ubwenge bwubwenge, hamwe no gutanga amakuru arambuye no gusesengura.
c. Igishushanyo Cyoroshye
OCPP2.0.1 yateguwe kugirango ihindurwe kugirango ihuze ibikenewe byinshi kandi bigoye.
d. Korohereza Kode
OCPP2.0.1 yoroshya kode, byoroshye gushyira mubikorwa software.
OCPP2.0.1 ivugurura ryibikoresho byongeweho umukono wa digitale, kugirango wirinde gukuramo software ntabwo byuzuye, bivamo kunanirwa kuvugurura software.
Mubikorwa bifatika, protocole ya OCPP2.0.1 irashobora gukoreshwa mugutahura kure kugenzura ikirundo cyumuriro, kugenzura mugihe nyacyo cyo kwishyuza, kwemeza abakoresha nibindi bikorwa, bitezimbere cyane ikoreshwa ryibikoresho byo kwishyuza, imikorere n'umutekano.OCPP2.0.1 n'imikorere irenze 1.6 verisiyo ya benshi, iterambere ryingorabahizi naryo ryiyongereye.
2 、 OCPP2.0.1 intangiriro yimikorere
OCPP 2.0.1 protocole niyo verisiyo yanyuma ya protocole ya OCPP. Ugereranije na OCPP 1.6, OCPP 2.0.1 protocole yakoze byinshi byo kunoza no gukora neza. Ibyingenzi bikubiyemo:
Gutanga Ubutumwa: OCP 2.0.1 yongeraho ubwoko bushya bwubutumwa kandi ihindura imiterere yubutumwa bwakera kugirango tunoze imikorere nibikorwa.
Impamyabumenyi ya Digitale: Muri OPC 2.0.1, hashyizweho uburyo bw’umutekano bushingiye ku byemezo by’umutekano kugira ngo hatangwe ibyemezo bikomereye no kurinda ubusugire bw’ubutumwa. Iri ni iterambere ryibanze kuri OCPP1.6 uburyo bwumutekano.
Icyitegererezo cyamakuru: OPC 2.0.1 ivugurura icyitegererezo cyamakuru kugirango ishyiremo inkunga yubwoko bushya bwibikoresho nibiranga.
Gucunga ibikoresho: OPC 2.0.1 itanga imikorere yuzuye yo gucunga ibikoresho, harimo iboneza ryibikoresho, gukemura ibibazo, kuvugurura software, nibindi.
Icyitegererezo cyibigize: OCP 2.0.1 itangiza uburyo bworoshye bwibikoresho bishobora gukoreshwa mugusobanura ibikoresho na sisitemu bigoye cyane. Ibi bifasha gukora ibintu byinshi byateye imbere nka V2G (Ikinyabiziga kuri Grid).
Kwishyuza ubwenge: OCPP2.0.1 yongeramo inkunga yo kwishyuza ubwenge, kurugero, imbaraga zo kwishyuza zirashobora guhinduka muburyo bukurikije imiterere ya gride cyangwa ibyo abakoresha bakeneye.
Indangamuntu n’Uruhushya: OCPP2.0.1 itanga uburyo bunoze bwo kumenyekanisha no gutanga uburenganzira, ishyigikira uburyo bwinshi bwo kwemeza abakoresha, kandi igashyira imbere ibisabwa byo kurinda amakuru y’abakoresha.
III. Intangiriro kumikorere ya OCPP
1. Kwishyuza ubwenge
Sisitemu yo gucunga ingufu zo hanze (EMS)
OCPP 2.0.1 ikemura iki kibazo itangiza uburyo bwo kumenyesha imenyesha CSMS (Sisitemu yo gucunga Sitasiyo ishinzwe) kubuza hanze. Ibikoresho byubwenge byuzuye byunganira sisitemu yo gucunga ingufu (EMS) birashobora gukemura ibibazo byinshi:
Ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bihujwe nokwishyuza (na ISO 15118)
OCPP 2.0.1 ishyigikira ISO 15118 -yongerewe protocole ya EVSE-kuri-EV itumanaho. ISO 15118 isanzwe icomeka-ikinisha hamwe no kwishyuza ubwenge (harimo inyongeramusaruro ziva muri EV) biroroshye kubishyira mubikorwa ukoresheje OCPP 2.0.1. Emera abashinzwe kwishyuza kugirango bohereze ubutumwa (kuva CSMS) kubyerekeye sitasiyo yo kwishyuza kugirango yerekanwe kubashoferi ba EV.
Kwishyuza neza gukoresha:
(1) Kuringaniza imizigo
Load Balancer igamije ahanini umutwaro w'imbere wa sitasiyo. Sitasiyo yo kwishyiriraho izagenzura imbaraga zo kwishyuza kuri buri post yishyuza ukurikije ibanzirizasuzuma. Sitasiyo yo kwishyiriraho izashyirwaho nigiciro ntarengwa cyagenwe, nkibisohoka ntarengwa. Mubyongeyeho, iboneza ririmo kandi amahitamo yo guhitamo uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ingufu za sitasiyo zishyuza kuri sitasiyo yishyuza. Iboneza bibwira sitasiyo yo kwishyuza ko ibiciro byo kwishyuza munsi yibi bikoresho bitemewe kandi ko izindi ngamba zo kwishyuza zigomba guhitamo.
(2) Kwishyuza hagati yubwenge
Hagati yubushakashatsi bwubwenge buvuga ko imipaka yo kwishyurwa igenzurwa na sisitemu nkuru, ibara igice cyangwa gahunda zose zo kwishyuza nyuma yo kwakira amakuru yo guhanura ibikorwa bya gride kubijyanye nubushobozi bwa gride, kandi sisitemu nkuru izashyiraho imipaka yo kwishyuza kuri sitasiyo yishyuza kandi igashyiraho imipaka yo kwishyuza. mu gusubiza ubutumwa.
(3) Kwishyuza byubwenge bwaho
Ubwishyu bwubwenge bwibanze bugerwaho nubugenzuzi bwibanze, bingana numukozi wa protocole ya OCPP, ashinzwe kwakira ubutumwa buvuye muri sisitemu nkuru no kugenzura imyitwarire yo kwishyuza yandi ma sitasiyo yishyuza mumatsinda. Igenzura ubwaryo rishobora kuba rifite sitasiyo yo kwishyuza cyangwa ntayo. Muburyo bwo kwishyiriraho ubwenge bwubwenge, umugenzuzi waho agabanya imbaraga zo kwishyuza za sitasiyo. Mugihe cyo kwishyuza, agaciro ntarengwa karashobora guhinduka. Agaciro ntarengwa k'itsinda ryishyurwa rishobora gushyirwaho mugace cyangwa na sisitemu yo hagati.
2. Intangiriro ya sisitemu
Urwego
Ububiko bwa software
Module ikora muri OCPP2.0.1 protocole ikubiyemo cyane cyane ihererekanyamakuru ryamakuru, Module yemewe, module yumutekano, module yubucuruzi, Moderi yagaciro, module igiciro, Module yo kubika, module yo kwishyuza, module yo kwisuzumisha, module yubuyobozi bwa Firmware hamwe no kwerekana ubutumwa module
IV. Iterambere ry'ejo hazaza rya OCPP
1. Ibyiza bya OCPP
OCPP ni protocole yubuntu kandi ifunguye, kandi nuburyo bwiza bwo gukemura ikibazo cyo kwishyiriraho ikirundo cyubu, kandi cyamamaye kandi gikoreshwa mubihugu byinshi kwisi, imikoranire iri imbere hagati ya serivisi zabakoresha izaba ifite ururimi rwo gutumanaho.
Mbere yuko OCPP itangira, buri ruganda rukora ibicuruzwa rwishyuza rwashyizeho protocole yihariye yo guhuza imiyoboro yinyuma, bityo igafunga abashinzwe iposita yishyuza uruganda rukora ibicuruzwa. Noneho, hafi yinganda zose zikora ibyuma bishyigikira OCPP, kwishyuza abashinzwe iposita bafite uburenganzira bwo guhitamo ibyuma mubicuruza ibyo aribyo byose, bigatuma isoko irushanwa.
Kimwe nukuri kubintu / abafite ubucuruzi; iyo baguze sitasiyo yo kwishyuza itari OCPP cyangwa amasezerano na CPO itari OCPP, bafungirwa muri sitasiyo yihariye yo kwishyuza hamwe nuwashinzwe iposita. Ariko hamwe na OCPP yujuje ibyuma byishyuza, banyiri amazu barashobora gukomeza kwigenga kubatanga. Ba nyirubwite bafite uburenganzira bwo guhitamo irushanwa rihiganwa, igiciro cyiza, cyangwa imikorere myiza ya CPO. nanone, barashobora kwagura imiyoboro yabo bavanga ibyuma bitandukanye byo kwishyuza batiriwe basenya ibyashizweho.
Byumvikane ko inyungu nyamukuru ya EV ari uko abashoferi ba EV badakenera kwishingikiriza kumurongo umwe wamaposita yishyuza cyangwa utanga EV. Kimwe na sitasiyo yo kwishyuza ya OCPP, abashoferi ba EV barashobora guhinduka kuri CPOs / EMPs. isegonda, ariko inyungu zingenzi nubushobozi bwo gukoresha e-mobile rouming.
2, OCPP mu nshingano zo kwishyuza ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi
(1) OCPP ifasha EVSE na CSMS kuvugana
(2) Uruhushya rwabakoresha ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi gutangira kwishyuza
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(5) Kwishyuza ubwenge (kugabanya umutwaro wa gride)
(6) Gucunga Firmware (OTAA)
Linkpower yashinzwe muri 2018, ifite imyaka irenga 8 igamije gutanga impinduka zingenzi niterambere ryiterambere rya AC / DC EV yumuriro, harimo software, ibyuma, isura, nibindi.
Amashanyarazi yihuta ya AC na DC hamwe na software ya OCPP1.6 yarangije kwipimisha hamwe nabatanga amasoko arenga 100 ya OCPP. Muri icyo gihe, twashoboraga kuvugurura OCPP1.6J kuri OCPP2.0.1 kandi igisubizo cy’ubucuruzi EVSE gifite ibikoresho bya IEC / ISO15118, iyi ikaba ari intambwe ikomeye iganisha ku kwishyurwa kwa V2G byerekanwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-21-2024