Imbonerahamwe Ibirimo
Uburyo bwa 1 Amashanyarazi
Uburyo bwa 1ni iibyingenzi kandi byinshi-bishobora guteza ibyagouburyo bwo kwishyuza. Harimo guhuza EV kuri aurugo rusanzwe (230V ACi Burayi,120V ACmuri Amerika ya ruguru) akenshi ukoresheje umugozi wagutse cyangwa icyuma cyibanze.Uburyo bwa 1 ntibubuze gukingirwa kandi binanirwa kubahiriza ibipimo byumutekano bigezweho bya EV. Ubu buryo nibirabujijwe kwishyurwa na EV hamwe n’amategeko y’amashanyarazi yo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru (NEC)kandi irabujijwe cyane namabwiriza yumutekano mu nkiko nyinshi. Urebye impungenge z'umutekano wacyo,turagira inama cyane kurwanya ikoreshwa rya Mode 1kwishyuza.
Ibintu by'ingenzi biranga:
•Kwishyuza Umuvuduko:Buhoro (hafi kilometero 2-6 z'urugero rw'isaha yo kwishyuza.
•Amashanyarazi:Isanduku isanzwe yo murugo,guhinduranya AC.
•Umutekano:Kubura ibiranga umutekano uhuriweho, bigatuma bidakwiriye gukoreshwa bisanzwe.
Uburyo bwa 1 bukoreshwa kenshikwishyurwa rimwe na rimwe, ariko ntabwo ari byiza gukoreshwa burimunsi, cyane cyane niba ukeneye kwishyurwa byihuse cyangwa bisaba umutekano murwego rwo hejuru. Ubu bwoko bwo kwishyuza buramenyerewe ahantu hashobora kuboneka uburyo bwo kwishyuza buhanitse.
Uburyo bwa 2 Amashanyarazi
Uburyo bwa 2Itezimbere kuri Mode 1 muguhuza aAgasanduku k'ubugenzuzi (IC-CPD, cyangwa In-Cable Igenzura no Kurinda)mumashanyarazi. Byasobanuwe naIEC 61851-1 bisanzwe, ubu buryo bukoreshaamazu asanzwe yo murugo cyangwa imbaraga zakira cyane (nka NEMA 14-50). Nintibikoreshwa kuri sitasiyo ya Mode 3 yabugenewe. IC-CPD ikubiyemo anRCD (Igikoresho gisigaye)na aIkimenyetso cy'indegeku mutekano wa ngombwa no gutumanaho.
Ibintu by'ingenzi biranga:
•Kwishyuza Umuvuduko:Biratandukanye cyane muburyo bwo kwakirwa. Mu majyaruguru ya Amerika 120V, tegereza ibirometero 4-8 / isaha; kuri 240V / 40A (NEMA 14-50) yakira, umuvuduko urashobora kugera kuri kilometero 25-40 / saha.
•Amashanyarazi:Urashobora gukoresha urugo rusanzwe cyangwa asitasiyo yo kwishyirirahohamwe naguhinduranya AC.
•Umutekano:Harimo ibyubatswekwishyuza neza kandi nezaibiranga nka RCD kugirango irinde neza.
Uburyo bwa 2 nuburyo bwinshi kandi butekanye ugereranije na Mode 1 kandi ni amahitamo meza kurikwishyuza urugomugihe ukeneye igisubizo cyoroshye kubisubiramo ijoro ryose. Irakoreshwa kandi murikwishyuza rusangeingingo zitanga ubu bwoko bwihuza.
Uburyo bwa 3 Imashanyarazi
Uburyo bwa 3 kwishyuza nibyo byemewe cyaneUburyo bwo kwishyuzaKurikwishyuza rusangeibikorwa remezo. Ubu bwoko bwa charger bukoreshasitasiyo yo kwishyirirahonaamanotaifite ibikoreshoImbaraga za AC. Uburyo bwa 3 bwo kwishyiriraho buranga protocole y'itumanaho hagati yikinyabiziga na sitasiyo yumuriro, byemeza umutekano mwiza kandiumuvuduko wo kwishyuza. Imashini yimodoka yikinyabiziga ivugana na sitasiyo kugirango igenzure amashanyarazi, itanga akwishyuza neza kandi nezauburambe.
Ibintu by'ingenzi biranga:
•Kwishyuza Umuvuduko:Byihuta kurenza Mode 2 (mubisanzwe ibirometero 30-60 intera kumasaha).
•Amashanyarazi: Sitasiyo yo kwishyirirahohamwe naguhinduranya AC.
•Umutekano:Ibiranga umutekano wambere, nko guhagarika byikora no gutumanaho nikinyabiziga, kugirango akwishyuza neza kandi nezainzira.
Uburyo bwo kwishyuza uburyo bwa 3 nibisanzwe kurikwishyuza rusange, kandi uzabasanga ahantu hatandukanye, kuva muri santeri zubucuruzi kugeza aho imodoka zihagarara. Kubafite amahirwe yo kugerakwishyuza urugositasiyo,Uburyo 3itanga ubundi buryo bwihuse kuri Mode 2, kugabanya igihe cyakoreshejwe mu kwishyuza EV yawe.
Uburyo bwa 4 Imashanyarazi
Uburyo bwa 4,cyangwa DC Byihuta,nuburyo bwihuse kandi bugezweho bwo kwishyuza. Sitasiyo yo hanze ihindura amashanyarazi ya AC kuriIbiriho (DC)akayigaburira kuri bateri,kurenga ibinyabiziga byimodoka, binyuze mumashanyarazi menshi yihariye yihariye (nkaCCS, CHAdeMO, cyangwaNACS). Uburyo bwa 4 bukurikiza amahame nkaIEC 61851-23, hamwe nimbaraga zisanzwe kuva50 kW kugeza kuri 350 kW hamwe no kurenga.
Ibintu by'ingenzi biranga:
•Kwishyuza Umuvuduko:Byihuta cyane (kugera kuri kilometero 200 intera muminota 30).
•Amashanyarazi: Sitasiyo yihariye yo kwishyuzaitangaicyerekezo DCimbaraga.
•Umutekano:Uburyo bwiza bwo kurinda umutekano butanga umuriro kandi neza ndetse no murwego rwo hejuru.
Kurinda imikorere ya Bateri- Nubwo Mode 4 yihuta cyane, sisitemu igabanya cyane umuvuduko wo kwishyuza nyuma80% SOC (Leta ishinzwe). Iki nigipimo nkana cyo kurinda kuramba kwa bateri, gukumira ubushyuhe bwumuriro ubushyuhe bwinshi, no kongera inyungu kubushoramari.
Uburyo bwa 4 nibyiza kurugendo rurerure kandi bikoreshwa kurikwishyuza rusangeahantu bisaba ibihe byihuta. Niba ugenda kandi ukeneye kwishyuza vuba,DC byihusenuburyo bwiza bwo gukomeza imodoka yawe.
Kugereranya Kwishyuza Umuvuduko Nibikorwa Remezo
Iyo ugereranijeumuvuduko wo kwishyuza,Uburyo 1ni buhoro, gutanga bikeibirometero by'isahayo kwishyuza.Uburyo bwa 2ni byihuse kandi bifite umutekano, cyane cyane iyo bikoreshejwe hamwe naagasandukuibyo byongera umutekano wongeyeho.Uburyo bwa 3itanga umuvuduko mwinshi wo kwishyuza kandi ikoreshwa kenshi kurikwishyuza rusangesitasiyo kubakeneye kwishyurwa byihuse.Uburyo bwa 4 (DC yihuta)itanga umuvuduko mwinshi wo kwishyuza kandi ni ngombwa mu ngendo ndende aho hakenewe kwishyurwa vuba.
Uwitekakwishyuza ibikorwa remezoKuriUburyo 3naUburyo 4irimo kwaguka vuba, hamwe nibindi byinshisitasiyo yumuriro byihusenasitasiyo yo kwishyirirahokubakwa kugirango habeho kwiyongera kwimodoka zamashanyarazi kumuhanda. Ibinyuranye,Uburyo 1naUburyo 2kwishyuza biracyashingira cyane kubiharikwishyuza urugoamahitamo, hamweurugo rusanzweguhuza hamwe nuburyo bwouburyo bwa 2binyuze mu mutekano kurushahokugenzura agasanduku.
Umwanzuro
Incamake yuburyo bwose bwo kwishyuza,Uburyo bwa 3 bwerekana impagarike nziza yumutekano, imikorere, hamwe na hose. Turasaba ko banyiri amazu bose n'abayishyira imbereUburyo bwa 3.
BirakomeyeInshingano z'umutekano:Urebye ko sisitemu yo kwishyuza ya EV irimo amashanyarazi menshi,ibyashizweho byose bigomba gukorwa numuyagankuba wabiherewe uruhushyakandi ukurikize byimazeyoAmategeko y’igihugu y’amashanyarazi (NEC) cyangwa IEC 60364. Amakuru yatanzwe hano ni agamije gutanga amakuru gusa kandi ntabwo agizwe ninama zubuhanga bwamashanyarazi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-13-2024