Ikintu cyose ukeneye kumenya kuri ISO / IEC 15118

Amazina yemewe ya ISO 15118 ni “Ibinyabiziga byo mu muhanda - Ikinyabiziga kigana imiyoboro y'itumanaho.” Irashobora kuba imwe murwego rwingenzi kandi ruzaza-iboneka muri iki gihe.

Uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho ubwenge bwubatswe muri ISO 15118 butuma bishoboka guhuza neza nubushobozi bwa gride hamwe ningufu zikenerwa numubare wiyongera wa EV uhuza umuyagankuba. ISO 15118 ituma kandi ihererekanyabubasha ryingufu zombi kugirango tubigerehoibinyabiziga-bigendaPorogaramu mugaburira ingufu kuva EV gusubira kuri gride mugihe bikenewe. ISO 15118 yemerera gride-yoroheje, umutekano, kandi byoroshye kwishyuza EV.

Amateka ya ISO 15118

Mu mwaka wa 2010, Umuryango mpuzamahanga wita ku bipimo ngenderwaho (ISO) na komisiyo mpuzamahanga y’ikoranabuhanga (IEC) bahurije hamwe mu gushinga itsinda ry’imirimo ihuriweho na ISO / IEC 15118. Ku nshuro ya mbere, impuguke z’inganda zitwara ibinyabiziga n’inganda zikoresha ingufu zakoranye mu guteza imbere urwego mpuzamahanga rw’itumanaho rwo kwishyuza EV. Itsinda rihuriweho hamwe ryashoboye gushyiraho igisubizo cyemejwe cyane ubu kikaba aricyo cyambere mu turere twinshi ku isi nk'Uburayi, Amerika, Amerika yo Hagati / Amerika y'Epfo, na Koreya y'Epfo. ISO 15118 nayo irihutira kwakirwa mubuhinde na Ositaraliya. Icyitonderwa kumiterere: ISO yatwaye gutangaza ibipimo bisanzwe kandi bizwi nka ISO 15118 gusa.

Imodoka-kuri-grid - kwinjiza EV muri gride

ISO 15118 ishoboza guhuza EV muriUrubuga rwubwenge(aka kinyabiziga-2-grid cyangwaibinyabiziga-bigenda). Urusobe rwubwenge ni umuyoboro wamashanyarazi uhuza abakora ingufu, abaguzi, nibice bya gride nka transformateur hakoreshejwe amakuru nikoranabuhanga ryitumanaho, nkuko bigaragara mumashusho hepfo.

ISO 15118 yemerera sitasiyo ya EV hamwe no kwishyuza guhanahana amakuru ashingiye kuri gahunda yo kwishyuza ishobora kuganirwaho. Ni ngombwa kwemeza ko ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi bikora muburyo bwa gride. Kuri iki kibazo, "grid friendly" bivuze ko igikoresho gishyigikira icyarimwe imodoka nyinshi icyarimwe mugihe kibuza gride kurenza urugero. Porogaramu yo kwishyuza yubwenge izabara gahunda yo kwishyuza kugiti cya buri EV ukoresheje amakuru aboneka kubyerekeranye nuko imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi imeze, ingufu za buri EV, hamwe nibikenerwa na buri mushoferi (igihe cyo kugenda no gutwara).

Ubu buryo, buri cyiciro cyo kwishyuza kizahuza neza nubushobozi bwa gride nicyifuzo cyamashanyarazi icyarimwe kwishyuza EV. Kwishyuza mugihe cyiboneka ryinshi ryingufu zishobora kubaho kandi / cyangwa mugihe aho amashanyarazi muri rusange ari make nimwe mubibazo byingenzi byakoreshwa bishobora kugerwaho hamwe na ISO 15118.

Itumanaho ryizewe rikoreshwa na Plug & Charge

Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi ni ibikorwa remezo bigomba gukingirwa ibitero bishobora kuba kandi umushoferi agomba kwishyurwa neza kubera ingufu zagejejwe kuri EV. Hatabayeho itumanaho ryizewe hagati ya EV na sitasiyo zishyuza, abandi bantu babi barashobora guhagarika no guhindura ubutumwa no guhindura amakuru yo kwishyuza. Niyo mpamvu ISO 15118 izanye imiterere yitwaGucomeka & Kwishyuza. Gucomeka & Kwishyuza bikoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo kubika amakuru kugirango ubone itumanaho kandi wizere ibanga, ubunyangamugayo, nukuri kwamakuru yose yahanahana amakuru

Umukoresha-yorohereza urufunguzo rwuburambe bwo kwishyuza

ISO 15118Gucomeka & Kwishyuzaibiranga kandi bifasha EV guhita imenyekanisha kuri sitasiyo yumuriro no kubona uburenganzira bwo kubona ingufu ikeneye kugirango yishyure bateri. Ibi byose bishingiye kubyemezo bya digitale hamwe nibikorwa rusange-byingenzi-remezo byakozwe binyuze mumacomeka & Charge. Igice cyiza? Umushoferi ntakeneye gukora ibirenze gucomeka umugozi wumuriro mumodoka no kuri sitasiyo yumuriro (mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho insinga) cyangwa guhagarara hejuru yubutaka (mugihe cyo kwishyuza). Igikorwa cyo kwinjiza ikarita yinguzanyo, gufungura porogaramu yo gusikana kode ya QR, cyangwa kubona ko byoroshye-gutakaza ikarita ya RFID ari ikintu cyahise hamwe nikoranabuhanga.

ISO 15118 bizagira ingaruka zikomeye mugihe kizaza cyo kwishyuza ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi kwisi yose kubera ibi bintu bitatu byingenzi:

1. Korohereza umukiriya uzana na Plug & Charge
2. Umutekano wongerewe amakuru azana hamwe na kriptografiya yasobanuwe muri ISO 15118
3. Imiyoboro ya gride yuzuye

Hamwe nibintu byingenzi mubitekerezo, reka twinjire mubuto na bolts byurwego.

Umuryango ISO 15118

Igipimo ubwacyo, cyitwa "Imodoka zo mumuhanda - Ikinyabiziga kigana imiyoboro y'itumanaho", kigizwe n'ibice umunani. A hyphen cyangwa dash numubare byerekana igice gikwiye. ISO 15118-1 bivuga igice cya mbere nibindi.

Ku ishusho hepfo, urashobora kubona uburyo buri gice cya ISO 15118 gifitanye isano nimwe cyangwa byinshi mubice birindwi byitumanaho bisobanura uburyo amakuru atunganywa murusobe rwitumanaho. Iyo EV icometse mumashanyarazi, umugenzuzi w'itumanaho wa EV (witwa EVCC) hamwe numuyobozi ushinzwe itumanaho (SECC) bashiraho umuyoboro witumanaho. Intego yuru rusobe ni uguhana ubutumwa no gutangiza icyiciro cyo kwishyuza. Byombi EVCC na SECC bigomba gutanga ibyo byiciro birindwi bikora (nkuko bigaragara neza nezaItumanaho rya ISO / OSI) murwego rwo gutunganya amakuru bombi bohereza kandi bakira. Buri cyiciro cyubakiye kumikorere itangwa nigice cyimbere, gitangirana na progaramu ya progaramu hejuru kandi inzira yose ikamanuka kumurongo.

Kurugero: Ihuza ryumubiri namakuru yerekana uburyo EV na sitasiyo yumuriro bishobora guhana ubutumwa ukoresheje umugozi wogukoresha (itumanaho ryumurongo ukoresheje Home Plug Green PHY modem nkuko byasobanuwe muri ISO 15118-3) cyangwa Wi-Fi ihuza ( IEEE 802.11n nkuko byavuzwe na ISO 15118-8) nkibikoresho bifatika. Iyo ihuriro ryamakuru rimaze gushyirwaho neza, umuyoboro nu bwikorezi hejuru birashobora gushingira kuriwo kugirango umenye icyo bita TCP / IP guhuza kugirango uhuze neza ubutumwa buva muri EVCC bugana muri SECC (ninyuma). Porogaramu isaba hejuru ikoresha inzira yitumanaho yashizweho kugirango ihanahana ubutumwa ubwo aribwo bwose bujyanye nubutumwa, bwaba ubwishyu bwa AC, kwishyuza DC, cyangwa kwishyuza bidafite umugozi.

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Iyo uganiriye kuri ISO 15118 muri rusange, ibi bikubiyemo ibipimo ngenderwaho muri iyi nyito rusange. Ibipimo ubwabyo byacitsemo ibice. Buri gice kinyura mubyiciro byateganijwe mbere yo gutangazwa nkibipimo mpuzamahanga (IS). Iyi niyo mpamvu ushobora kubona amakuru ajyanye na buri gice "status" kugice gikurikira. Imiterere iragaragaza itariki yatangarijweho IS, nicyiciro cyanyuma kumurongo wibikorwa bya ISO.

Reka twibire muri buri gice cyinyandiko kugiti cye.

Inzira nigihe ntarengwa cyo gutangaza ibipimo bya ISO

Igishushanyo hejuru kirerekana igihe cyibikorwa bisanzwe muri ISO. Igikorwa gitangizwa nigitekerezo gishya cyakazi (NWIP cyangwa NP) cyinjira mubyiciro byumushinga wa Komite (CD) nyuma yigihe cyamezi 12. CD ikimara kuboneka (gusa kubuhanga mu bya tekinike bagize urwego rusanzwe), icyiciro cyo gutora cyamezi atatu gitangira aho izo mpuguke zishobora gutanga ibitekerezo byandika na tekiniki. Icyiciro cyo gutanga ibitekerezo nikimara kurangira, ibitekerezo byakusanyirijwe bikemurwa mumanama yo kumurongo no mumateraniro imbonankubone.

Nkibisubizo byiki gikorwa cyo gufatanya, Umushinga wurwego mpuzamahanga (DIS) noneho utegurwa kandi ugatangazwa. Itsinda rihuriweho hamwe rishobora gufata icyemezo cyo gutegura CD ya kabiri mugihe impuguke zumva ko inyandiko itariteguye gufatwa nka DIS. DIS ninyandiko yambere yashyizwe kumugaragaro kandi irashobora kugurwa kumurongo. Ikindi cyiciro cyo gutanga ibitekerezo no gutora kizakorwa nyuma yuko DIS irekuwe, bisa nibikorwa byicyiciro cya CD.

Icyiciro cyanyuma mbere yubuziranenge mpuzamahanga (IS) ni Umushinga wanyuma wubuziranenge mpuzamahanga (FDIS). Nicyiciro cyubushake gishobora gusimbuka niba itsinda ryinzobere zikora kuriyi ngingo zumva ko inyandiko igeze kurwego ruhagije rwubuziranenge. FDIS ninyandiko itemerera impinduka zose zubuhanga. Kubwibyo, ibitekerezo byandika gusa biremewe muriki cyiciro cyo gutanga ibitekerezo. Nkuko mubibona kuri iki gishushanyo, inzira ya ISO irashobora kuva kumezi 24 kugeza 48.

Kubireba ISO 15118-2, ibipimo bimaze imyaka ine kandi bizakomeza kunonosorwa nkuko bikenewe (reba ISO 15118-20). Iyi nzira iremeza ko ikomeza kugezwaho kandi igahuza n'imanza nyinshi zidasanzwe zikoreshwa ku isi.