Uru rupapuro rusobanura mu buryo burambuye amateka yiterambere rya ISO15118, amakuru yamakuru, interineti ya CCS, ibikubiye muri protocole y'itumanaho, imikorere yo kwishyuza ubwenge, byerekana iterambere rya tekinoroji yo kwishyuza ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi hamwe nihindagurika ryibipimo.
I. Intangiriro ya ISO15118
1 Intangiriro
Umuryango mpuzamahanga ushinzwe ubuziranenge (IX-ISO) utangaza ISO 15118-20. ISO 15118-20 niyagurwa rya ISO 15118-2 kugirango ishyigikire amashanyarazi adafite insinga (WPT). Buri serivisi irashobora gutangwa hifashishijwe uburyo bwo guhererekanya ingufu (BPT) hamwe nibikoresho byahujwe (ACDs).
2. Kumenyekanisha amakuru yamakuru
(1) ISO 15118-1.0
15118-1 nicyo gisabwa muri rusange
Gusaba ibintu bishingiye kuri ISO 15118 kugirango umenye uburyo bwo kwishyuza no kwishyuza, kandi usobanura ibikoresho muri buri kintu gisabwa hamwe namakuru ahuza amakuru hagati yibikoresho
15118-2 ni ibyerekeranye na porogaramu ya porogaramu.
Irasobanura ubutumwa, ubutumwa bukurikirana hamwe nimashini za leta nibisabwa bya tekiniki bigomba gusobanurwa kugirango tumenye ibi bintu. Irasobanura protocole kuva murusobekerane kugeza inzira igana.
15118-3 ihuza ibice, ukoresheje abatwara amashanyarazi.
15118-4 bijyanye n'ibizamini
15118-5 Igice gifatika gifitanye isano
15118-8 Ibice bidafite insinga
15118-9 Wireless physique layer layer
(2) verisiyo ya ISO 15118-20
ISO 15118-20 ifite plug-na-gukina imikorere, hiyongereyeho inkunga yo guhererekanya amashanyarazi (WPT), kandi buri serivisi irashobora gutangwa hifashishijwe amashanyarazi abiri (BPT) hamwe nibikoresho byahujwe (ACD).
Intangiriro kuri Interineti ya CCS
Kugaragara kw'ibipimo bitandukanye byo kwishyuza ku masoko ya EV yo mu Burayi, Amerika y'Amajyaruguru na Aziya byatumye habaho imikoranire no kwishyuza ibibazo byorohereza iterambere rya EV ku isi yose. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, Ishyirahamwe ry’abakora ibinyabiziga by’ibihugu by’i Burayi (ACEA) ryatanze icyifuzo cy’ibiciro byo kwishyuza CCS, bigamije guhuza amashanyarazi ya AC na DC muri sisitemu imwe. Imigaragarire yumubiri wumuhuza yateguwe nkibikoresho byahujwe hamwe nibyambu bya AC na DC bihujwe, bikaba bihujwe nuburyo butatu bwo kwishyuza: kwishyuza icyiciro kimwe cya AC, kwishyuza ibyiciro bitatu hamwe no kwishyuza DC. Ibi bitanga uburyo bworoshye bwo kwishyuza ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi.
1 Intangiriro Intangiriro
EV (ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi) kwishyuza protocole
Umuyoboro ukoreshwa mu kwishyuza EV mu turere twinshi twisi
2 、 Umuyoboro wa CCS1
Imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi yo muri Amerika n’Ubuyapani ishyigikira gusa icyiciro kimwe cyo kwishyuza AC, bityo ubwoko bwa 1 ibyuma hamwe nibyambu byiganje muri aya masoko yombi.
3 、 Kumenyekanisha icyambu cya CCS2
Icyambu cya 2 gishyigikira icyiciro kimwe nicyiciro cya gatatu cyo kwishyuza, kandi ibyiciro bitatu byo kwishyuza AC birashobora kugabanya igihe cyo kwishyuza ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi.
Ibumoso hari icyambu cyo kwishyuza Type-2 CCS, naho iburyo hari icyuma cya DC cyishyuza imbunda. Icyambu cyo kwishyiriraho imodoka gihuza igice cya AC (igice cyo hejuru) nicyambu cya DC (igice cyo hepfo hamwe na connexion ebyiri). Mugihe cyo kwishyuza AC na DC, itumanaho hagati yikinyabiziga cyamashanyarazi (EV) na sitasiyo yumuriro (EVSE) kibaho hifashishijwe interineti ya Pilote (CP).
CP - Imigenzereze ya Pilote itanga ibimenyetso bisa na PWM hamwe na ISO 15118 cyangwa DIN 70121 ibimenyetso bya digitale bishingiye kuri moderi ya Power Line Carrier (PLC) kubimenyetso bisa.
PP - Interineti ya Proxmity Pilote (nanone yitwa Plug Presence) itanga ikimenyetso gifasha ikinyabiziga (EV) kugenzura ko icyuma cyumuriro gishyizwe hamwe. Ikoreshwa mukuzuza ikintu cyingenzi cyumutekano - imodoka ntishobora kugenda mugihe imbunda yo kwishyuza ihujwe.
PE - Isi itanga umusaruro, niyo shingiro ryibikoresho.
Andi masano menshi akoreshwa mu guhererekanya ingufu: insinga itabogamye (N), L1 (AC icyiciro kimwe), L2, L3 (AC icyiciro cya gatatu); DC +, DC- (icyerekezo kigezweho).
III. Kumenyekanisha ibirimo protocole ISO15118
Porotokole y'itumanaho ISO 15118 ishingiye ku cyitegererezo cy'abakiriya-seriveri, aho EVCC yohereza ubutumwa busaba (ubu butumwa bufite umugereka “Req”), kandi SECC isubiza ubutumwa busubiza (hamwe n'umugereka “Res”). EVCC ikeneye kwakira ubutumwa bwibisubizo buva muri SECC mugihe cyihariye cyateganijwe (muri rusange hagati yamasegonda 2 na 5) yubutumwa busaba, bitabaye ibyo isomo rikazarangira, kandi bitewe nishyirwa mubikorwa ryabakora ibintu bitandukanye, EVCC irashobora re -tangiza isomo rishya.
(1) Kwishyuza Igicapo
(2) Uburyo bwo kwishyuza AC
(3) Uburyo bwo kwishyuza DC
ISO 15118 itezimbere uburyo bwitumanaho hagati yumuriro wumuriro niginyabiziga cyamashanyarazi hamwe na protocole yo murwego rwohejuru kugirango itange amakuru akomeye, cyane cyane harimo: itumanaho ryinzira ebyiri, ibanga ryibanga, kwemeza, uburenganzira, uburyo bwo kwishyuza, igihe cyo kugenda, nibindi. Iyo ikimenyetso cya PWM gifite 5% cyinshingano zapimwe kuri CP pin ya kabili yumuriro, kugenzura kwishyuza hagati yumuriro n imodoka ihita ishyikirizwa ISO 15118.
3 、 Imikorere yibanze
(1) Kwishyuza Ubwenge
Kwishyuza ubwenge bwa EV nubushobozi bwo kugenzura neza, gucunga no guhindura ibintu byose byishyurwa rya EV. Irabikora ishingiye ku itumanaho ryigihe-nyacyo hagati ya EV, charger, ushinzwe kwishyuza hamwe nuwitanga amashanyarazi cyangwa sosiyete ikora ibikorwa. Mu kwishyuza ubwenge, impande zose zirimo zirimo guhora zitumanaho kandi zigakoresha ibisubizo bigezweho byo kwishyuza kugirango hongerwe kwishyurwa. Intandaro yiyi ecosystem ni Smart Charging EV igisubizo, itunganya aya makuru kandi ikemerera abashinzwe kwishyuza hamwe nabakoresha gucunga ibintu byose byo kwishyuza.
1) Ingufu za Smart Tube; icunga ingaruka zumuriro wa EV kuri gride no gutanga amashanyarazi.
2) Gutezimbere EV; kwishyuza bifasha abashoferi ba EV hamwe nogutanga serivise zitanga serivisi kugirango borohereze kwishyurwa mubijyanye nigiciro kandi neza.
3) Ubuyobozi bwa kure no gusesengura; ifasha abakoresha nabakoresha kugenzura no guhindura kwishyuza ukoresheje urubuga rushingiye kumurongo cyangwa porogaramu zigendanwa.
4) Ubuhanga bugezweho bwo kwishyuza EV tekinoroji nyinshi nshya, nka V2G, zisaba ibintu byogukoresha ubwenge kugirango bikore neza.
Igipimo cya ISO 15118 gitangiza irindi soko ryamakuru ashobora gukoreshwa nko kwishyuza ubwenge: imodoka yamashanyarazi ubwayo (EV). Kimwe mu bice byingenzi byamakuru mugihe utegura uburyo bwo kwishyuza ni ingufu imodoka ishaka gukoresha. Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo gutanga aya makuru kuri CSMS:
Abakoresha barashobora kwinjiza ingufu zisabwa bakoresheje porogaramu igendanwa (itangwa na eMSP) bakayohereza kuri CSMS ya CPO binyuze mumugongo wanyuma kugeza kwishyira hamwe, kandi sitasiyo zishyiraho zishobora gukoresha API yihariye kugirango yohereze aya makuru muri CSMS.
(2) Kwishyuza Byubwenge na Grid Smart
Amashanyarazi ya EV ya Smart ni igice cyiyi sisitemu kuko kwishyuza EV bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kumikoreshereze y'urugo, inyubako cyangwa ahantu rusange. Ubushobozi bwa gride bugarukira ukurikije imbaraga zishobora gukoreshwa mugihe runaka.
3) Gucomeka no Kwishyuza
ISO 15118 ibiranga hejuru.
ihuriro rishobora kwemeza ISO 15118-yujuje ibyangombwa byo kwishyuza EV hamwe na connexion ikwiye
Inganda za EV ni shyashya kandi ziracyatera imbere. Ibipimo bishya biri mu majyambere. Ibyo bitera ibibazo byo guhuza no gukorana kubakora EV na EVSE. Nyamara, ISO 15118-20 isanzwe yorohereza ibintu byo kwishyuza nka plug & kwishyuza fagitire, itumanaho ryihishe, gutembera kwingufu zombi, gucunga imizigo, nimbaraga zo kwishyuza. Ibiranga bituma kwishyuza byoroha, bifite umutekano, kandi birushijeho gukora neza, kandi bizagira uruhare mukwakirwa kwinshi kwa EV.
Sitasiyo nshya yo kwishyiriraho amashanyarazi ni ISO 15118-20 yujuje. Mubyongeyeho, imbaraga zihuza zirashobora gutanga ubuyobozi no gutunganya sitasiyo zayo zo kwishyiriraho hamwe noguhuza kwose kuboneka. Reka imbaraga zingirakamaro zifasha kugendana ninganda zikenewe za EV no kubaka sitasiyo yihariye yo kwishyuza kubakiriya bose basabwa. Wige byinshi kubyerekeranye na powerpower yubucuruzi ya charger nubushobozi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-18-2024